硅膠主要成分是二氧化硅，化學性質穩定，不燃燒。硅膠是一種非晶態二氧化硅，應控制車間粉塵含量不大于10毫克/立方米，需加強排風，操作時戴口罩。
硅膠有很強的吸附能力，對人的皮膚能產生干燥作用，因此，操作時應穿戴好工作服。若硅膠進入眼中，需用大量的水沖洗，并盡快找醫生治療。
藍色硅膠由于含有少量的氯化鈷，有潛在毒性，應避免和食品接觸和吸入口中，如發生中毒事件應立即找醫生治療。
硅膠在使用過程中因吸附了介質中的水蒸汽或其他有機物質，吸附能力下降，可通過再生后重復使用。
一般來說，硅膠按其性質及組分可分為有機硅膠和無機硅膠兩大類。
無機硅膠是一種高活性吸附材料，通常是用硅酸鈉和硫酸反應，并經老化、酸泡等一系列后處理過程而制得。硅膠屬非晶態物質，其化學分子式為mSiO2 .nH2O。不溶于水和任何溶劑，無味，化學性質穩定，除強堿、氫氟酸外不與任何物質發生反應。各種型號的硅膠因其制造方法不同而形成不同的微孔結構。硅膠的化學組份和物理結構，決定了它具有許多其它同類材料難以取代的特點:吸附性能高、熱穩定性好、化學性質穩定、有較高的機械強度等，家庭用做干燥劑，濕度調節劑，除臭劑等;工業用作油烴脫色劑，催化劑載體，變壓吸附劑等;精細化工用分離提純劑，啤酒穩定劑，涂料增稠劑，牙膏摩擦劑，消光劑等。
有機硅膠是一種有機硅化合物，是指含有Si-C鍵、且至少有一個有機基是直接與硅原子相連的化合物，習慣上也常把那些通過氧、硫、氮等使有機基與硅原子相連接的化合物也當作有機硅化合物。其中，以硅氧鍵(-Si-O-Si-)為骨架組成的聚硅氧烷，是有機硅化合物中為數多，研究深、應用廣的一類，約占總用量的90%以上。
擠出硅膠比較常見，例如家用的電飯煲上的密封圈，稱之為電飯煲硅膠密封圈。

模壓硅膠比較復雜一點，形狀不規則，包括硅膠碗，硅膠冰格，硅膠蛋糕模等等。

The main component of silicone is silicon dioxide, which is chemically stable and non combustible. Silicone is an amorphous silicon dioxide, and the dust content in the workshop should be controlled to not exceed 10 milligrams per cubic meter. Ventilation should be strengthened, and masks should be worn during operation.
Silicone has strong adsorption ability and can dry human skin. Therefore, work clothes should be worn during operation. If silicone enters the eyes, rinse with plenty of water and seek medical treatment as soon as possible.
Blue silicone contains a small amount of cobalt chloride and has potential toxicity. It should be avoided from contact with food and inhalation. If poisoning occurs, seek medical treatment immediately.
Silicone gel has a decreased adsorption capacity due to the adsorption of water vapor or other organic substances in the medium during use, and can be reused after regeneration.
Generally speaking, silica gel can be divided into two categories based on its properties and components: organic silica gel and inorganic silica gel.
Inorganic silica gel is a highly active adsorbent material, usually prepared by reacting sodium silicate with sulfuric acid and undergoing a series of post-treatment processes such as aging and acid foaming. Silicone is an amorphous substance with the chemical formula mSiO2. nH2O. Insoluble in water and any solvent, odorless, chemically stable, and does not react with any substance except strong bases and hydrofluoric acid. Various types of silicone gel form different microporous structures due to their different manufacturing methods. The chemical composition and physical structure of silicone determine that it has many characteristics that are difficult to replace by other similar materials: high adsorption performance, good thermal stability, stable chemical properties, and high mechanical strength. It is used as a desiccant, humidity regulator, deodorizer, etc. in households; Used as an oil and hydrocarbon decolorizer, catalyst carrier, pressure swing adsorbent, etc. in industry; Fine chemical separation and purification agents, beer stabilizers, coating thickeners, toothpaste friction agents, matting agents, etc.
Organic silicone is a type of organic silicon compound that contains Si-C bonds and at least one organic group directly connected to silicon atoms. Compounds that connect organic groups to silicon atoms through oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, etc. are also commonly referred to as organic silicon compounds. Among them, polydimethylsiloxane composed of silicon oxygen bonds (- Si-O-Si -) as the skeleton is one of the most widely studied and widely used types of organosilicon compounds, accounting for more than 90% of the total dosage.
Squeezing silicone is quite common, such as the sealing ring on household rice cookers, which is called the silicone sealing ring for rice cookers.
Silicone molding is more complex and irregular in shape, including silicone bowls, silicone ice cubes, silicone cake molds, and so on.